Integration of Renewable Energy Sources and Battery Energy Storage Systems into Stationary and Dynamic Inductive Charging Systems for Electric Vehicles

The increasing electrification of the transport sector requires the expansion of an efficient and sustainable charging infrastructure. Inductive charging systems enable both stationary and dynamic charging, offering a high level of user convenience as well as enhanced operational safety. In combination with renewable energy sources and battery energy storage systems, a largely low-emission and reliable energy supply for the transport sector can be achieved.

The aim of this work is to investigate the integration of renewable energy sources and stationary energy storage systems into inductive charging infrastructures for electric vehicles. The focus is on the modeling, simulation, and evaluation of hybrid energy and charging systems based on two route scenarios.

The systems are modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The first scenario considers a test track in Aldenhoven equipped with dynamic and stationary inductive charging infrastructure for different vehicle classes. The second scenario examines a highway system incorporating both dynamic and stationary inductive charging infrastructure. For stationary fast-charging operation, real-world operational data from an existing charging station are taken into account, including the number of electric vehicles to be charged and the number of available charging points.

In both scenarios, the energy supply is provided by locally installed photovoltaic and wind power systems in order to reduce transmission losses. Due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, a battery energy storage system is implemented and controlled by an energy management system. The energy management system takes into account meteorological conditions and time-varying load profiles to maximize the utilization of renewable energy, minimize grid electricity consumption, reduce operating costs, and simultaneously ensure a reliable energy supply for the vehicle fleet.